Conditional View

Imagine a turbulent ocean where storms generate localized surges. Tracking the water below reveals nothing, because the surges are driven from above by external storms striking anywhere, anytime.

Most surges are ordinary, uninteresting low waves. But when an extraordinary, high-energy surge forms, it looks similar in scale, height, and duration, no matter which region it strikes.

This is the intuition of the conditional view: the ocean is the whole space, a region is a subspace, and a surge is the collective behavior within a region over a time window. Because these anomalies shift across space, the conditional view studies all high waves rather than staring at a single region.